誠然,近10來年,日本科技企業(yè)有一種“退居二線”的樣子。這十年間,蘋果公司引領(lǐng)了智能手機(jī)時代,成為市值最高的公司;三星憑借它完整的工業(yè)體系崛起,讓全世界都在用他們的屏幕和內(nèi)存;騰訊和阿里的成功則是因?yàn)樗麄冏鴵碇袊畠|級用戶的市場,成功開創(chuàng)出了自己的商業(yè)模式。而日本科技企業(yè)似乎慢慢淡出了大眾視野,在消費(fèi)者的心目中存在感越來越低。于是,有人質(zhì)疑道:日本的科技企業(yè)衰落了嗎?
It is true that in the last decade or so, Japanese technology companies have taken a back seat. During this decade, apple led the smartphone era and became the most valuable company. Samsung has emerged with its entire industrial system, allowing the world to use its screens and memory.
實(shí)際上并沒有?;蛘哒f,日本在消費(fèi)電子領(lǐng)域的挫敗不代表著日本科技企業(yè)的衰落。我們看到的僅僅只是日本科技企業(yè)的冰山一角。他們那些隱形的科技企業(yè),那些科技行業(yè)的龐然大物仍然活躍在世界的各個角落。
Tencent and alibaba are successful because they have a market of one billion users in China and have successfully created their own business model. And Japanese tech companies seem to be fading out of the public eye, becoming less visible to consumers. Hence the question: have Japanese technology companies declined?
一、數(shù)控機(jī)床
作為制造機(jī)器的機(jī)器,機(jī)床在制造業(yè)中的地位無庸贅述。而在精密數(shù)控機(jī)床領(lǐng)域,日本與德國的技術(shù)始終獨(dú)占鰲頭??匆豢催@一長串的日本機(jī)床企業(yè)名單:馬扎克YamazakiMazak、天田Amada、大隈Okuma、森精機(jī)MoriSeiki、捷太科特Jtekt、牧野Makino、小松KomatsuNTC、會田Aida、三菱重工MitsubishiH.I.、沙迪克Sodick、StarMicronics、西鐵城Citizen、發(fā)那科FANUC、不二越-富士Nachi-Fujikoshi、東芝Toshiba、津上Tsugami、瀧澤Takisawa、遠(yuǎn)州Enshu、岡本Okamoto、宮野Miyano等等。
CNC machine tools
As a machine for making machines, the position of machine tools in manufacturing industry is needless to say. Japan and Germany have consistently led the field of precision CNC machines. Take a look at this long list of Japanese machine tool companies: Mazar-e-sharif YamazakiMazak,
這些企業(yè),每一個單拿出來都是機(jī)床行業(yè)的翹楚。它們支撐起了日本機(jī)床完整的產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈,也占據(jù)了全球數(shù)控機(jī)床領(lǐng)域的半壁江山。在機(jī)床的產(chǎn)量上,以2016年的數(shù)據(jù)為例,日本機(jī)床產(chǎn)出111億歐元,僅比德國低0.1個百分點(diǎn),總產(chǎn)量超過美國和意大利之和;以軸承生產(chǎn)企業(yè)為例,2015年全球上榜的10家企業(yè),日本就占了5家。這些背后都是需要強(qiáng)大的機(jī)床技術(shù)實(shí)力做支撐,同時也顯示日本在機(jī)床技術(shù)上的恐怖實(shí)力。
Amada Amada, big Wei Okuma, sen MoriSeiki machine, Jtekt walcott Jtekt, Makino Makino, komatsu KomatsuNTC, tian Aida, mitsubishi heavy industries MitsubishiH. I., caius g Sodick, StarMicronics, Citizen Citizen, FANUC FANUC, Nachi - Fuji Nachi - Fujikoshi, Toshiba, tianjin Tsugami, Long Takisawa , far state Enshu, Okamoto Okamoto, Miyano Miyano, etc.
二、工業(yè)機(jī)器人
工業(yè)機(jī)器人是我國當(dāng)下“智能制造”的熱點(diǎn),有助于解放勞動力,推進(jìn)智能化,但是自上世紀(jì)80年代以來,無論是機(jī)器人的生產(chǎn)、出口還是使用等方面日本都穩(wěn)居世界之首。日本的工業(yè)機(jī)器人品牌包括:發(fā)那科、三菱、電裝、愛普生、安川、川崎等世界知名品牌。其中,發(fā)那科數(shù)控工業(yè)機(jī)器人全球銷量居第一,其24萬臺機(jī)器人銷量至今無可突破。
production, taking 2016 data as an example, Japanese machine tool production reached 11.1 billion euros, only 0.1 percentage point lower than that of Germany, and the total output exceeded that of the United States and Italy combined. Take bearing production enterprises as an example. In 2015, Japan accounted for 5 of the 10 enterprises listed on the global list. Behind all
如今,這些日本品牌越來越多地活躍在中國工廠的生產(chǎn)線上,如上海通用、長安汽車、東風(fēng)汽車、格力、美的、海爾等。根據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù),日本品牌工業(yè)機(jī)器人在全球產(chǎn)業(yè)機(jī)器人市場中所占份額已經(jīng)超過50%。
industrial robot brands include: fanuc, mitsubishi, electric, epson, anchuan, kawasaki and other world famous brands. Among them, fanuc ranks the first in the global sales volume of numerical control industrial robots, and its sales volume of 240,000 robots is still unbreakable.
三、芯片
日本在世界芯片產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈上,占據(jù)了重要位置。
在日本芯片最繁榮的年代,日本芯片在全球的市場占有率達(dá) 53%,全球存儲芯片超過 50%的市場份額,在全球十大半導(dǎo)體企業(yè)中占據(jù)了六個席位,這其中的大廠我們都聽說或者使用過,比如NEC、東芝、富士通、三菱、日立等等。
Nowadays, these Japanese brands are increasingly active in the production lines of Chinese factories, such as Shanghai general motors, changan automobile, dongfeng automobile, gree, midea and haier. According to statistics, the Japanese brand of industrial robots has occupied more than 50% of the global industrial robot market.
如今,日本深耕整個芯片產(chǎn)業(yè),在細(xì)分市場上,IC元器件領(lǐng)域,索尼以其多年在CMOS圖像傳感器市場位于全球第一(30%以上);在半導(dǎo)體相關(guān)精密制造設(shè)備領(lǐng)域東京電子是全球第二大芯片設(shè)備制造商;再來說說芯片上游產(chǎn)業(yè),生產(chǎn)芯片需要19種必須材料,而日本在其中14種材料中占據(jù)50%以上的份額。
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